What is the fast charging protocol?

With the popularity of smartphones, charging speed and efficiency have become one of the important considerations for users when purchasing mobile phones. In the field of mobile phone charging, there are a series of public fast charging protocols and private fast charging protocols. This article will introduce several mainstream public fast charging protocols and discuss their principles, characteristics and impact on users.

1. USB PD fast charging protocol

The USB Power Delivery Specification is a fast charging standard launched by the USB-Implementers Forum (USB-IF) standardization organization established in the United States in 1995. The organization has many members. As of December 2020, its members have exceeded 12,000 companies, including well-known companies such as Apple, HP, Intel, STMicroelectronics, and Texas Instruments, are members of this organization.
USB PD (USB Power Delivery) is a standardized fast charging protocol that enables flexible and efficient charging by providing high power and multiple voltage levels.
The latest technology currently is PD3.0 and PD3.1
In February 2017, the USB-IF Association added another patch to PD3.0: adding the PPS function. PPS is the abbreviation of Programmable Power Supply, which translates as programmable power supply. The advantage of PPS is that it can communicate with the mobile phone every 10 seconds. Within the adjustable voltage range, the voltage can be adjusted with an accuracy of 0.02v. When charging, More efficient and generates less heat.
Released on May 25, 2021, this version of the fast charging protocol supports up to 240w fast charging. Compared with the PD3.0 version, it adds three fixed voltage levels of 28v, 36v and 48v, and adds three adjustable voltage levels. Bit. Since the maximum fast charging power of 240w far exceeds the carrying capacity of ordinary USB cables, the PD3.1 fast charging protocol divides the fast charging standard into two standards: standard power range (SPR) and extended power range (EPR). The maximum charging power of SPR is still 100w, and the maximum charging power of EPR is 240w. EPR can charge high-performance gaming notebooks, handheld power stations, mobile workstations and other devices.

2. QC fast charging protocol

QC is the abbreviation of Quick Charge. This is a fast charging protocol launched by Qualcomm. The reason why the QC fast charging protocol is placed in the public fast charging protocol is because the QC fast charging protocol is compatible with the PD fast charging protocol. Currently, QC fast charging has Evolved to version 5.0.

Features: The QC protocol has the characteristics of high efficiency and fast charging, supports multiple voltage levels and variable voltage technology, and can fully charge the device in a short time.

3. Private fast charging protocol

Private fast charging protocols are charging technologies independently developed by mobile phone manufacturers, such as Huawei's FCP/SCP, Xiaomi's Mi Turbo Charge, OPPO's VOOC and vivo's FlashCharge.

Huawei FCP/SCP: The FCP protocol is a fast charging protocol launched by Huawei early. It is similar to QC2.0 and is a high-voltage, low-current fast charging protocol.
SCP protocol, the abbreviation of Super Charge Protocol, literally translated as "Super Fast Charging Protocol", has two gears 4.5v5a or 5v4.5a, with a maximum charging power of 22.5w. It was first installed on mate9. Later, Huawei improved fast charging technology, which increases the maximum fast charging power of the SCP protocol to 40w. It was first used on mate20Pro. Now, the maximum charging power of Huawei's SCP protocol has reached 100w.

Xiaomi Mi Turbo Charge: Xiaomi's fast charging technology uses high-power charging chips and smart charging algorithms to fully charge Xiaomi phones in a short time. At present, Xiaomi’s Mi Turbo Charge has a maximum charging power of 120w.

Samsung Adaptive Fast Charging
Principle: Samsung Adaptive Fast Charging is a fast charging technology launched by Samsung. It can automatically adjust voltage and current to achieve the best charging effect based on the device's battery status and charging environment.

Features: Samsung Adaptive Fast Charging technology can quickly charge Samsung mobile phones in a short time, and has a variety of safety protection functions, such as overheating protection and overvoltage protection, to ensure a safe and stable charging process.

4. MFI certification

MFI (Made for iPhone/iPad/iPod) certification is Apple's certification for accessories, including chargers, data cables, etc. Chargers certified by MFI can ensure compatibility and safety, and provide a stable and fast charging experience for Apple devices.

In general, mobile phone fast charging protocols cover a variety of public standards and private technologies, and each protocol has its unique advantages and applicable scenarios. When choosing mobile phones and accessories, users should choose the appropriate charging solution based on their needs and preferences to obtain the best charging experience.